Resumen
En la unidad de terapia intensiva la traqueostomía se utiliza en pacientes con requerimiento de ventilación mecánica prolongada, o en aquellos con mal manejo de secreciones o con obstrucción de la vía aérea. Una vez superado el proceso que obligó al procedimiento, se debe intentar el retiro de la cánula de traqueostomía. La decanulación de la traqueostomía debe considerarse un proceso que implica la evaluación de competencia de múltiples variables, y si bien no existen consensos ni protocolos que hayan demostrado ser útiles al momento de realizar el proceso, consideramos necesario que el paciente esté liberado de la ventilación mecánica (salvo casos especiales), que tenga permeabilidad de la vía aérea y que logré un correcto manejo de sus secreciones bronquiales. Cada institución debe contar con un protocolo preciso adecuado a su ambiente de trabajo. La decisión final debe llevarse a cabo en consenso de todo el equipo tratante.Citas
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