Terapias de Alto Flujo en el Fallo Agudo Respiratorio en Pediatría
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Palabras clave

alto flujo
oxigenoteria
insuficiencia respiratoria aguda
pediatria

Cómo citar

1.
Torres SF. Terapias de Alto Flujo en el Fallo Agudo Respiratorio en Pediatría. Rev Arg de Ter Int. [Internet]. 30 de diciembre de 2013 [citado 25 de abril de 2024];30(4). Disponible en: https://revista.sati.org.ar/index.php/MI/article/view/361

Resumen

Resumen:

Introducción:

En la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda la provisión de oxígeno es la primer droga a utilizar. Los dispositivos que emplearemos dependerán en términos de flujo y concentración de  las necesidades del paciente, adaptación y confort al dispositivo.

Discusiòn:

Es la administración de oxígeno a través de una cánula nasal a un flujo que excede la demanda del paciente, vale decir un flujo superior al convencional, siendo para pediatría mayor a 2 litros/min. Esta terapéutica genera una mayor eficacia en la oxigenación del niño con un impacto significativo en la ventilación a causa de la disminución del espacio muerto por purgado de aire durante la exhalación. En adultos los sistemas generan  flujos hasta 60l/min., mientras que en los niños  rango oscila entre 2-8l/min.

La Terapia de alto flujo genera en la región nasofaríngea un reservorio de aire por el purgado de gas al final de la espiración. Por lo tanto la respiración es más eficiente ya que se compone de aire fresco, humidificado y calentado, con menor volumen de gas al final de la espiración. Es un  mecanismo que  optimiza la ventilación alveolar  ya que utiliza menor volumen minuto ventilatorio en comparación con los sistemas de presión positiva. Si bien con estos sistemas se ha optimizado el  confort en los pacientes  con reducción de la frecuencia respiratoria y mejoría en la saturación, aún no se han encontrado trabajos que exploren otros  beneficios .

 

Conclusión

Las terapia de administración de alto flujo de oxígeno es un sistema no invasivo de soporte respiratorio , basado en los conceptos de eliminación del espacio muerto anatómico mejorando la eficiencia de la respiración, con administración el oxígeno en optimas condiciones de humidificación y calentamiento temperatura.

Summary

Introduction: In acute respiratory failure, oxygen is the first drug that should be used. The choice of devices  depends  on flow   and FIO2 needs,  device fit and  patient comfort.

Discussion:

High flow therapies is the administration of oxygen through a nasal cannula to a flow that exceeds the demand of the patient,that is greater than the conventional flow. For paediatrics being greater than   2 liters/min. This treatment leads to improve efficiency in oxygenation with a significant impact on ventilation by purging air during exhalation while dead space is  decreased. In adults , systems can generate flows up  to 60l/min , whereas in   children the range is between 2-8 l/min. 

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Citas

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