Trastorno neurocognitivo postoperatorio: una revisión de aspectos básicos.

Abstract

Postoperative neurocognitive disorder is a condition known for several decades characterized by alteration of attention, language, perceptual function, motor function, memory, and learning related to the surgical act and the use of anesthesia. However, there is no standardized definition of the disorder and no delimitation of the criteria for diagnosis. This dysfunction is usually transitory and can persist for several years; generally, it mainly affects older adults who undergo prolonged surgical times. Current manuscripts mention that it should be diagnosed using standardized tests to assess cognitive impairment before and after the surgical procedure, with at least one follow-up within the first year after surgery.

Regarding treatment, drugs that act on the pathways proposed as pathophysiological mechanisms have been suggested, among which analgesics and antioxidants stand out.