DISECCIÓN CORONARIA ESPONTÁNEA. CAUSA ALTERNATIVA DE ISQUEMIA MIOCARDICA EN MUJERES
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract
Spontaneus coronary dissection is a rare condition that may produce severe myocardial ischemia, especially in younger women. Its clinical form of presentation has a wide spectrum from sudden death and acute myocardial infarction, to angina. It is more common in women and is associated with factors such as the peripartum and oral contraceptive use. The growth of indications of cardiac catheterization have led to an increment in the number of cases identified in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
We report four cases. A 43-year-old woman presenting in the emergency room with a acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI), a coronary angiography revealed a dissection of the anterior descending coronary artery. A 44-year-old woman presenting in the emergency room with a acute coronary syndrome (STEMI), a coronary angiography revealed a dissection of the anterior coronary artery. A 58-year-old woman suffering from an out-of-hospital cardiacac arrest, resuscitated and admitted to the ICU by a coronary syndrome with ST elevation (STEMI), a coronary angiography revealed a dissection of the anterior coronary artery. And, a 28-year-old woman presenting in the emergency room with a acute coronary síndrome (STEMI), a coronary angiography revealed a dissection of marginal artery.
Resumen
La disección coronaria espontánea es una afección poco frecuente pero puede ser causa de isquemia miocárdica grave, especialmente en mujeres jóvenes. Su presentación clínica tiene un amplio espectro, desde muerte súbita e infarto agudo de miocardio, hasta angina miocárdica. Es más frecuente en mujeres, está asociada a factores como el embarazo o el uso de anticonceptivos orales. La generalización en las indicaciones de la coronariografía, en el contexto del síndrome coronario agudo, hace que cada vez se identifiquen más casos.
Presentamos cuatro casos. Mujer de 43 años que acude a urgencias por dolor torácico secundario a un SCASEST, en la coronariografía presentaba una disección de la arteria descendente anterior. Mujer de 44 años que acudió a urgencias por dolor torácico secundario a un SCACEST, en la coronariografía presentaba una disección de la arteria descendente anterior. Una mujer de 58 años que sufrió una PCR extrahospitalaria, por FV, reanimada con éxito e ingresada en UCI por un SCACEST, en la coronariografía se objetivó una disección de la arteria descendente anterior. Y, mujer de 28 años que acudió a urgencias por dolor torácico secundario a SCACEST, la coronariografía objetiva una disección de la arteria marginal.
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